High School English Courses Needed for College

English is perhaps the only high school subject for which colleges almost universally require or recommend a full four years of study. The college admissions officers will expect you to have strong writing and reading skills since these are at the heart of college success whether youre an engineer or a history major. This is also why many colleges require students to take courses in writing as part of a general education requirement—strong writing and communication skills are important for nearly every major and career. In fact, many high schools require students to take four years of English classes for exactly that reason. Samples of Different English Requirements Different colleges word their English requirements differently, but as the examples below illustrate, nearly all want to see four years of high school English: Carleton College: The strongest applicants will have completed four years of English, and at a minimum the college wants to see three years of coursework with an emphasis on writing.MIT: The institute wants to see applicants who have a strong academic foundation in high school that includes four years of English.NYU:  The university notes that the best prepared students have taken four years of English with an emphasis on writing.Stanford: Stanford does not have any requirement for English preparation, but the university states that the best prepared applicants have completed four years of English with a significant emphasis on writing and literature.UCLA: The universitys admissions folks will be looking for four years of college preparatory English that include the reading of classic and modern literature along with frequent and regular writing. Like many schools on this list, UCLA doesnt want to see more than one year of ESL-type course work.  Williams College: Williams has no absolute requirements for English study, but the admissions folks tend to admit students who have a distinguished record in a four-year sequence of English coursework.   Notice that many of these colleges specifically emphasize writing-intensive English courses. There is no exact definition of what makes a high school English course writing-intensive, and your school may not have denoted their courses as such. If a large part of your high school English course was focused on developing writing techniques and style, it will probably count toward a colleges writing-intensive course requirement. English Requirement vs. Recommendation It is also important to remember that, while many schools may recommend four years of English rather than require it, colleges look more favorably upon applicants who have met or exceeded the recommended guidelines. A strong high school record is the best indicator of your potential performance in college, and it almost always the most important part of your entire college application. Admissions officers are looking for students who challenge themselves in their coursework, not those who simply meet the minimum recommendations. The table below summarizes the recommended or required English coursework for a range of colleges and universities. School English Requirement Auburn University 4 years required Carleton College 3 years required, 4 years recommended (emphasis on writing) Centre College 4 years recommended Georgia Tech 4 years required Harvard University 4 years recommended MIT 4 years required NYU 4 years required (emphasis on writing) Pomona College 4 years recommended Smith College 4 years required Stanford University 4 years recommended (emphasis on writing and literature) UCLA 4 years required University of Illinois 4 years required University of Michigan 4 years required (at least 2 rigorous writing courses are recommended) Williams College 4 years recommended Requirements for Non-Native Speakers of English If you attended all four years of high school at an institution where all of the instruction was conducted in English, you will have fulfilled the English admissions requirement for most colleges. This assumes you took an English class every year  and those classes were not remedial. Thus, even if English is not your first language, you will have successfully demonstrated your proficiency without further testing.   If your high school instruction was in a language other than English, you will most likely need to demonstrate your proficiency through standardized testing. One of the most common and popular options is the TOEFL,  the Test of English as a Foreign Language. A good score on the TOEFL will be necessary to demonstrate that you have mastered English enough to succeed in college. The TOEFL, however, is rarely the only option for proving that your English language skills are satisfactory. Many colleges and universities will also accept scores from the IELTS, International Language Testing System. Scores from AP, IB, ACT, and SAT exams are also used by some colleges to help them assess an applicants language proficiency. Sources:Carleton College: https://www.carleton.edu/admissions/apply/steps/criteria/MIT:  http://mitadmissions.org/apply/prepare/highschoolNYU:  https://www.nyu.edu/admissions/undergraduate-admissions/how-to-apply/all-freshmen-applicants/high-secondary-school-preparation.htmlStanford University:  https://admission.stanford.edu/apply/selection/prepare.html  UCLA:  http://www.admission.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/fracadrq.htm​  Williams:  https://admission.williams.edu/apply/​

Is Biology A Role For Caring For The Elderly - 1630 Words

Literature Review: Biology: Biology is one of the disciplines that will discuss elderly patient care. Biology means the study of life, but it also has much more to the definition. â€Å"Biology stresses the value of classification and experimental control. The latter is the means of identifying true causes, and therefore privileges experimental methods over all other methods of obtaining information† (Repko, 2008). There are many ways that show how biology plays a role in caring for the elderly. Age has been a good indicator of health. The elderly face additional disease and injuries than other age groups. A study was done that compared fatality rate of those older than 65 with those who were younger. The categories that were studied†¦show more content†¦Also, the molecular changes cancer has on the geriatric patient s brain, is less responsive to the treatments that are available (2011). The elderly s body is fighting against them getting better. Not only does the older patient have an incre ased risk of injury of disease, there is also an increase risk with side effects. A study was done to see if certain medication would produce an increased risk of falls in the elderly (Hartikainen, Lonnroos, Louhivuori, 2007). The study showed that drugs that targeted the central nervous system such as psychotropic increased the risk of falls (2007). Biology has shown through several studies that the elderly are more likely to have injuries, disease, and have increase side effects to current treatment or are resistant. The elderly have a lot going against them, looking at it through a biological standpoint. Psychology: Another discipline that one can look at the problems that elderly are facing and looking at their treatment is through psychology. Psychology is defined as, â€Å"The epistemology of psychology is that psychological construct and their interrelationship can be inferred through discussions and observations, and applied to treatment (clinical) or a series of experiments with slight variation (experimental). A critical ingredient of a good

My Hobby Free Essays

My Hobby My hobby Everybody has different hobbies that we enjoy and do it for fun or relaxation. They can be either physical activities like jogging, playing football, swimming, †¦ or mental activities like reading, watching movies, playing computers†¦ and it depend on    personality. My bobby is football because it’s part of my life and I cannot live without it and I have playing this sport since I was a litle boy. We will write a custom essay sample on My Hobby or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nowdays looks like everibody is playing football and it most popular sport in the world, many of the boys like me who is dreaming to be a good football player one day. My childrenhood has grown up with the ball and nothing has changed. My parents    told me that I liked kicking the ball around when I was only    two years old and had so much fun. Since then playing football is my favorite thing to do and I go everiday to traning so I can enjoy myself. It is interestingMy Hobby My hobby Everybody has different hobbies that we enjoy and do it for fun or relaxation. They can be either physical activities like jogging, playing football, swimming, †¦ or mental activities like reading, watching movies, playing computers†¦ and it depend on    personality. My bobby is football because it’s part of my life and I cannot live without it and I have playing this sport since I was a litle boy. Nowdays looks like everibody is playing football and it most popular sport in the world, many of the boys like me who is dreaming to be a good football player one day. My childrenhood has grown up with the ball and nothing has changed. My parents    told me that I liked kicking the ball around when I was only    two years old and had so much fun. Since then playing football is my favorite thing to do and I go everiday to traning so I can enjoy myself. It is interestingand amazing especially when I have a ball under my feets or score a goal. I like to go myself and sooting on a goal when I‘m not on traning than helps me to relax and clear my mind I have stress or other problems. For instant after school or studying I feel boring or tired however having fun whith the ball shooting it on goal or trying to do some tricks, all of my tirenes die out. Football is not only about passing and kicking the ball but also required a lot of thoughts, and some basic skills. Ioftenpractice and I feel healthy and stronger. Besite that football have also taught me very much like be teamplayer, athletes, healthy and much more. I don‘t only playing a football I also enjoy watching    football games on TV. My favorite team is Internazionale from Milano. I am so happy when Inter wins but I will get angry when they lose, and I love to watch them playing. How to cite My Hobby, Papers

Disadvantages of Female Leadership free essay sample

W hy do men tend to fare better in competitive environments than women do? It is a question researchers have long pondered. More than a decade ago, two economists —Claudia Goldin of Harvard and Cecilia Rouse of Princeton—found sex-based discrimination in the hiring of orchestra musicians. Beginning in the 1970s, many orchestras in the United States, hoping to remedy a dearth of women in their ranks, began conducting blind auditions. Musicians performed behind a screen so the selection committee could not see them. Goldin and Rouse compared several orchestras before and after the change—and  found that women were selected 30 percent more often when auditions were blind. For Paola Sapienza, a professor of finance at the Kellogg School of Management, the finding was fascinating—yet it did not explain the reason for the bias to begin with. Was the gender bias a result of â€Å"belief-based discrimination,† in which the judges assumed that women are le ss competent; of â€Å"taste-based discrimination,† in which the judges simply preferred men for reasons other than competence, such as a belief that the audience prefers male musicians; or of â€Å"statistical discrimination,† in which  gender confers some other valuable information (e. g. , men are preferable because they presumably do not take as much time off)? â€Å"The data in the paper were able to establish a bias,† says Sapienza, â€Å"but they could not distinguish between the three of them. † Distinguishing Between Types of Discrimination So Sapienza, along with Ernesto Reuben, an assistant professor at Columbia University; Pedro Rey-Biel, an associate professor at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona; and Luigi Zingales, a professor at the University of Chicago, set out to look more closely at gender bias in competitive They wanted to know why organizations might fail to select high- performing women for jobs at which the women would excel. They devised an experiment that eliminated the possibility of discrimination based on taste or statistics, to test whether belief-based discrimination could account for gender bias on its own. They divided MBA students into teams and had each team select a leader to represent them in a competition, which involved doing a series of calculations. The subjects in the study had all previously performed the same task, two years earlier, so they could use  their past performance as a means of predicting their chances of winning this time around. Before the selection took place, the students were asked to recall how well they had done in the same task two years ago. They were also asked to predict how well they would do on the same task again. Members of the team whose leader won the competition all received a cash prize, so everyone on the team had a clear incentive to choose the best leader; the leader received no more money than anyone else. Teams had five minutes in which each participant could make the case for how well they  thought they would do in the competition, and then to choose a leader based on that information. â€Å"Barring any explicit discrimination against women—which would be unlikely in an experiment with university students— groups should aim to select their most talented individual irrespective of gender,† Sapienza and her colleagues wrote. But that is not what happened. Instead, women were selected as group leaders 33. 3 percent less frequently than they should have been based solely on how well they did in the earlier competition. â€Å"Women are selected much less often as leaders than. Is suggested by their individual past performance,† the researchers wrote. â€Å"There is big evidence, even among women MBAs, that ten years out women tend to earn 60 percent less than men,† Sapienza explains, â€Å"even when they start in the same field with very similar salaries. The question is, Why do women lag behind over time? To what extent is it the result of evaluation that’s done outside, and how much does it interact with the self- promotion of men and women? † Boastful Behavior To understand what was driving their results, Sapienza and her colleagues tested three possible. Theories as to why women may be less frequently selected as leaders. The first was a difference in the way men and women judge their own abilities. The second was a difference in how men and women describe their own abilities. And the third was a difference in how men and women deal with what the researchers call â€Å"agency problems,† or how they â€Å"respond to conflicts of interest between their own interest and the group’s. † The answer turned out to be theory number two. By far the most important reason why women were being underrepresented as team leaders was how they portrayed their abilities. Relative to men’s. Both men and women in the study were inclined to overstate how well they had done in the earlier competition and how well they would do in the future, but men were far more willing to do so. What troubled Sapienza and her colleagues, though, was not that women tended to overstate their abilities less than men. It was that the people evaluating candidates for leadership did not discount men’s tendency to boast more. â€Å"The fact that men tend to overstate, that’s not a surprise,† Sapienza says. â€Å"But if everyone knows that, why don’t they just say, ‘If men say 5, it must. Be 3. ’ There is some discounting, but it’s very minimal. † These biases are a cause for some concern—in the real world, companies and organizations that can identify and choose their best members have an advantage over those that cannot. On a personal level, to overcome this, women are typically coached to boast more, Sapienza says. But that does not help companies and organizations, which would then face a field of candidates who greatly inflate their reported abilities. The solution, Sapienza suggests, is to handicap the biggest braggarts, leveling the playing field for everyone..